The Lyman-IPHA Light from Jades-GS-Z13-1 took nearly 13.47 billion years to reach us, with a date dating back to only 330 million years after the big explosion.
This image displays Jades-GS-Z13-1 (the red point in the center), which was filmed with a webb camera near the infrared (NIRCAM) as part of the Jades program. Credit Image: Nasa / Esa / CSA / Webb / STSCI / Jades Collaboration / Brant Robertson, Uc Santa Cruz / Ben Johnson, CFA / Sandro Tacchella, Cambridge / Phil Cargile, CFA / J. Witstok, P. Jakobsen & A. Pagan, STCI / M. Zamani, Esa & Webb.
The main scientific goal of the NASA space telescope was to see more than ever in the distant past of our world, when the first galaxies were formed after the big explosion.
This search has already resulted in standard galaxies, to monitor programs like JWst Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (Jades).
The unusual Webb allergy to infrared light also opens completely new ways to research when and how these galaxies have been formed, and their effects on the universe in the time known as cosmic dawn.
Astronomers who study one of these early galaxies have now discovered a discovery in the spectrum of his light, which challenges our firm understanding of the early history of the universe.
Jades-GS-Z13-1 (GS-Z13-1 for shortcuts) was discovered in the photos taken by Nircam’s Nircam (infrared camera) as part of the Jades program.
Dr. Roberto Mulino of the University of Cambridge, the University of London College and his colleagues used the brightness of the galaxy in various infrared filters to estimate the red displacement for it, which measures the distance of the galaxy from the ground based on how its light extends during its journey by expanding an area.
NIRCAM photography resulted in a preliminary estimate of the red displacement of 12.9. It seeks to confirm the extreme red displacement, astronomers note the galaxy using the Spectrograph (Nurspec) near WEBB.
In the resulting spectrum, the red displacement was confirmed to be 13.0. This is equivalent to a galaxy that was seen only 330 million years of the Big Bang, which is a small part of the current universe of 13.8 billion years.
But an unexpected feature also characterized: one of the clear and bright wavelengths is clearly determined, which was determined as the emission of Lyman-Alpha radiating with hydrogen atoms.
This emission was much stronger than what astronomers believed in this early stage of the development of the universe.
“The early universe was shower in thick fog of neutral hydrogen,” said Dr. Miuino.
“Most of this fog has been raised in a process called re -ionization, which was completed about a billion years after the Big Bang.”
“The GS-Z13-1 is seen when the universe was only 330 million years old, yet it shows an amazing significant signature of the emission of Lyman-Alpha, which can only be seen once the fog is completely raised completely.”
“This result was not completely unexpected through the theories of early galaxy formation and discovered astronomers.”
“Before and during the era of repetition, the huge quantities of neutral hydrogen fog surrounding galaxies prevented the active ultraviolet light from which it emitted, such as the effect of stained glass filtering.”
“Until a sufficient number of stars formed and managed to ionize hydrogen gas, no such light can-including the emissions of Lehman Alpha-escape from these emerging galaxies to reach the Earth.”
“The confirmation of the radiation of Lehman Alpha of this galaxy, therefore, has great effects on our understanding of the early universe.”
“It was not possible to find a galaxy like this, given our understanding of the way the universe developed,” said Dr. Kevin Henlin, astronomer at Arizona University.
“We can think of the early universe as thick fog that would make it very difficult to find strong beacons until they look, but here we see the light beam of this galaxy penetrates the veil.”
“This is the great emissions line with huge repercussions of how to restore the author of the universe and when.”
The source of the lyman-Alpha radiation from the GS-Z13-1 of this galaxy was not yet known, but it may include the first light of the first generation of stars to form it in the universe.
“Perhaps a large bubble of ionized hydrogen surrounding this galaxy was created by a strange group of stars – more large, hotter and more bright than the stars that were formed in the subsequent era, and perhaps the first generation of stars,” said Dr. Gores Westock, astronomer at the University of Cambridge and Cambridge University.
“The nucleus of a strong active galaxy (AGN), which is led by one of the first super black holes, is another possibility set by our team.”
team Results It was published in the March 26 issue of the magazine nature.
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J. Knowstok And others. 2025. Watch the beginning of re-ionization through the emission of Lyman-α in Redshift 13. nature 639, 897-901; Second: 10.1038/S41586-025-08779-5