Aaron Loda explores an unprecedented area of mathematics, and they wonder if it has practical applications. In evolution, he did not expect, it turns out that this type of mathematics can be the key to overcoming a long-term obstacle in quantum computing-perhaps even to understand the quantum world in a completely new way.
Quantum computers, which make fun of the privacy of quantum physics to achieve gains in speed and computing on classic machines, may happen a revolution one day. At the present time, though, this dream is far. One of the reasons is that Qubits, for building blocks for quantum computers, unstable and can be easily disturbed by environmental noise. In theory, there is a more stable option: Qubits pubs the information on a wider area of regular Qubits. But in practice, it was difficult to perceive. To date, the machines that have been able to use are not universal, which means that they cannot do everything possible for quantum computers on a large scale. “It is like trying to write a letter on a keyboard with only half of the keys,” says Loda. “Our work fills the lost keys.” He and his group at the University of Southern California published the results they reached in a A new paper in the magazine Nature Communications.
Lauda and his colleagues solve some problems in the Tobits Tobits using a group of theoretical particles that they call trash, which were called how they derive from the theoretical mathematics that have been overlooked. These particles can open a new path towards perception of the Topological quantity of the experience.
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Unlike the regular Qubits, which stores information in a single particle case, it is stored by the Tobits in the order of many molecules – a global feature, not local property, which makes it more powerful.
Take, for example, braided hair. The type and number of braids that a person has are universal characteristics that remain the same regardless of how his head was shaken. In contrast, the location of individual hair strand is a local property that can be transformed with the lowest movement.
Aaron Lauda sports codification for his research studies “The global quantum account using any person from the theory of a non -fatty quantitative field” on the blackboard.
The Tobits Tobits works on a similar principle known as Anyon Braiding. Any location is almost particles – there are no actual molecules like protons, for example, but the phenomena arising from the collective behavior of many molecules, such as ripples in the pond. It appears in the two -dimensional quantum systems.
In our three -dimensional world, it is similar to two particles on the weaving of one chain above or under the other. You can always cancel their compensation to their original structure. When you switch the molecules in two dimensions, however, you cannot go or below; You have to make the strings go through each other, which constantly change the structure of the chains.
Because of this feature, two of anyone can completely transform the system of the system. These bars can be repeated between any of the multiple bags – a process called Anyon Braiding. The final state depends on the arrangement in which the bodies, or braids are formed, such as the way the braid’s style depends on the sequence of its strands.
Since the fantasy changes the quantum state of the Qubit, the procedure can be used as a quantitative gate. Just like a logical gate in a regular computer, it changes from 0 to 1 to allow the account, treat quantum gates. This logic based on a braid is the basis for how to calculate the computers of the Topological quantum computers.
In theory, there are many types of anywhere. “It is the best opportunity for our quantum computing in real systems.” “However, it is not universal for quantitative account.”
Qubit photography as a number on a calculator and quantum gates as buttons on the calculator. Non -university computer resembles a calculator that only contains double or half buttons. You can reach a lot of numbers – but not all, which limits your computing strength. The global quantum computer will be able to reach all numbers.
Most experimentalists make international computers using a special case anywhere. But this condition, just like a single, designed, is not protected by the global topological characteristics, which makes it vulnerable to errors and thus undermines the main advantage of the use of anyone.
Lauda team found a different way to make an ISing computer globally by introducing a new type of Anyon, neglected. It appears from a broader mathematical framework called the non -deadly Topological quantum field theory, which changes how to calculate some “minimal” ingredients. For years, these ingredients have been ignored because they can cause illogical behavior, which leads to possibilities that exceed more than one or decline less than zero, or other meaningless results. By finding a way to understand them instead of getting rid of it, the Lauda team opened an unexplored area of quantum theory.
It is a shift that raises the first days of fictional numbers, which are numbers based on negative square roots. It was originally just a sports trick without any material meaning – until Irwin Schroennger used it in the wave equation that became the cornerstone of the quantum mechanics. “This is similar,” says Eric Royel, a mathematician at the University of Texas A & M, who did not participate in the work. “It seems that there is another door that we did not follow because we could not see it physically. Maybe it should be opened now.”
“In the world of Tobology, this idea turned to be very strong,” says Loda. It was like looking at quantum theory with a magnifying cup. In the design of Loda, the wandering remains constant while the other braid is a braid around it. This setting offers a new portal that makes the computer global. In the image of the calculator for Qubit cases, this portal works like adding or offering 1; Over time, the process can reach all numbers, unlike the non -university release of calculator.
Fishing is that adding neglect risk paying everything to an unpopular area, where the possibilities stop adding what should be. “There is much more this theory, and sitting inside, there is a place where everything is physically logical,” says Loda. It seems as if you were wandering on the map in a video game – the game begins to prepare, you can walk across the walls, and all the rules collapse. The trick is the construction of an algorithm that remains safely inside the map. This function fell to the graduate student in Ludia, Philipo Iulnelli, who reformulated an algorithm he faced in a hadith chapter.
The next obstacle is to find a real version of this system; The neglected is still completely virtual at the present time. Loda is optimistic. In the thirties of the twentieth century, physicists used mathematical symmetries to predict the existence of a strange offspring – Meson – before experiments confirmed it. He says: “We do not claim that we are in the same position, but our work gives experimentalists a goal to search for it in the same systems that achieve any of anyone,” he says.
Sean Koi, a mathematics scientist at Bordeaux University who reviewed peers on the new paper, describes the “very interesting theoretical progress” and hopes to see studies that explore physical systems where such bags may appear. Roel agrees, and suggests that neglect can arise from some interaction between the ISing system and its environment. “There may be few additional engineering needed to build this neglect,” he says.
For lauda, implementation is only part of the excitement. “My goal is to make a convincing issue as much as possible for other researchers that the framework is not only good, but it is an exciting approach to better understanding the theory of quantum.” Neglect is unlikely to be neglected for a longer period.