Look at Y (right) and X Chromosome X with an electronic scanning microscope
Power and Syred/Science Photo Library
It is likely that men who have lost y chromosome from a large number of their narrow vascular immune cells, a major contributor to heart disease, according to a study included in more than 30,000 people.
“The loss of Y kills many men,” he says. Kenneth Walsh At the University of Virginia, which did not participate in the study. “Men live for six years shorter than females, and a huge amount of these deaths is due to sex chromosome instability.”
Loss of chromosome y The most common mutation that occurs after visualization In males. It usually occurs in white blood cells, and immune cells that attack and remove pathogens, as the rapidly scattered stem cells that generate white blood cells are divided. The cells that lack a live with age, they become easily It can be discovered in about 40 percent of the 70 -year -old men.
The issue began to gain attention in 2014, when Lars Forsberg At Oppsala University in Sweden and his colleagues found that the elderly of the great loss in their blood He died, on average, five and a half years ago Those who do not have it. Walk at a later time Connect it with heart disease.
Now, Forsberg and its colleagues gain more ideas on the types of vascular heart problems associated with the loss of Y. The team benefited from the Swedish study Biopulonary Bioimage study, which brought together detailed bloody tests of a little more than 30,150 volunteers from 50 to 64, about half of them males. None of the volunteers showed signs of cardiovascular disease, but it is still evaluated for any narrow blood vessel, or atherosclerosis.
Nearly 1,2400 male participants had the genetic data needed to assess the degree of their loss in Y. They were divided into three groups: those who had an inaccurate loss in white blood cells, those who have a loss of Y that affected 10 percent or less of these cells, and those who affected more than 10 percent of them. Then the degrees of atherosclerosis each group were compared to each other and with those of female participations in the study.
The researchers have found that approximately 75 percent of men who suffer from the largest Y loss had narrowed the blood vessels, compared to about 60 percent of those with 10 percent or less than their boom -affected cells.
But atherosclerosis was still noticed in about 55 percent of men with unspecified loss and about 30 percent of women. “clearly, [loss of Y] “The difference in the entire sex is not explained. There are other factors.”
The study comes after months Thimoteus Speer At the University of Goethe, Frankfurt in Germany and his colleagues looked at men who underwent vascular photography-a type of x-rays used to verify blood vessels-suspicious cardiovascular disease. They found that over the subsequent decade, those who had a loss in more than 17 percent of their immune cells were More than twice is likely to die from a heart attack Those that have fewer affected cells.
“The results of Lars Forburg and our studies are very consistent,” says Speer. “He sees more coronary atherosclerosis, and we notice a higher risk of patients to death due to myocardial infarction [heart attack]As an end point, I would like to say, from coronary atherosclerosis. “
Walsh notes that none of the study does not show permanently that the loss of Y causes these results. However, statistical analyzes made by both groups indicate that they work independently of smoking or aging, which are the largest risk factors for the boom.
The main question now is how to activate Y. The previous study of Walsh found that the removal of chromosome from the immune cells of mice damaged by cardiovascular systems by driving fibrosis, and forming a scar tissue. But heart attacks and atherosclerosis are much more associated with inflammation and metabolism of the wrong fat of fibrosis. Both Speer and Walsh say more research is needed to understand this.
Once we gain a better understanding of the relevant operations, Speer hopes that the blood test that is looking for a loss will be a day of preventive interventions. “[It] “Patients who will be particularly benefit from specific treatments may be determined,” he says.
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